FORMULATION OF HYPOTHESIS

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FORMULATION OF  HYPOTHESIS
Definition
A hypothesis is a tentative generalization, the validity of which remains to be tested. In its most element stage the hypothesis is may be any hunch, guess, imaginative idea which becomes the basis for further investigation. -Lund-Berg.G.A.
Characteristics of hypothesis
*    Hypothesis selected for research should be reasonable and testable.
*    It should be consistent with known facts.
*    It should be stated in the simplest possible terms.
*    It is a tentative answer to the question.
*    It should state the relationship between the Variables.
*    It should be limited in scope.
*    It should be amendable to testing with in the reasonable time.
*    It should be stated in such a way that it can be tested and found to be probably true (or) probably false.
*    It should not conflict with any law of nature.
*    It must be specific.
Types of Hypothesis
Bases on how they are derived, hypothesis is classified into two types.
(i) Inductive Hypothesis
An Inductive hypothesis is a generalization based on observation. Such inductively derived hypothesis can be very useful but are of limited scientific value. They are derived from specific to general.
(ii) Deductive Hypothesis
Deductive hypothesis are derived from theory. They contribute to the science of education by providing evidence that supports, expands (or) contradicts a given theory and by suggesting future studies. It is derived from general to specific.
Based on how they are stated hypothesis is classified into 2 types.
(i) Null (or) Statistical hypothesis
A statistical or null hypothesis states that there is no relationship (or difference) between Variables and that any relationship found will be a chance not a true one.
Ex: There will not be any significant difference in fitness between Basketball players and Football players.
(ii) Research(or) Scientific hypothesis
Research hypothesis is stated in declarative form. A research hypothesis states an expected relationship or difference between two variables in other word, what relationship the researcher expects to verify through the collection and analysis of thedata.
Ex: There will be significant difference in fitness between Basketball players and Football players.
a) Directional hypothesis
Directional hypothesis indicates the nature of the relationship (or) difference. Ex: Basketball players will be having more fitness than football players.
b) Non directional hypothesis:
A nondirectional hypothesis simply indicates that a relationship or difference exists.
Ex: There may be significant difference in fitness between Football players and Basketball players.



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